Adult Therapy Services
Dysphagia is a swallowing disorder involving the oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, or gastroesophageal junction. Consequences of dysphagia include malnutrition and dehydration, aspiration pneumonia, compromised general health, chronic lung disease, choking, and even death. SLPs are the preferred providers of dysphagia services and are integral members of an interprofessional team to diagnose and manage oral and pharyngeal dysphagia.
SLPs also recognize the causes and signs/symptoms of esophageal dysphagia and make appropriate referrals for its diagnosis and management. Dysphagia intervention may concentrate on swallowing exercises, compensatory swallowing strategies (including posture considerations), bolus consistency modification, and caregiver/patient education.
DYSPHAGIA / SWALLOWING
Adults can also experience the challenges of speech sound disorders, which can manifest either from childhood or emerge later in life. These disorders encompass a wide range of conditions that affect the production of speech sounds, impairing an individual's ability to communicate effectively. Some adults may have struggled with speech sound disorders since their early years, while others may have developed these difficulties due to various factors later in life. These difficulties may include acquired apraxia, aphasia, dysarthria, stuttering, or voice impairments.
Therapy is also available for patients who have experienced changes in cognitive (thinking) skills such as memory, attention, problem-solving, processing speed, visuospatial skills, and executive functioning. Executive functions include skills such as organization, emotional control, decision making, logical reasoning, prioritizing, inhibition, self-control, multitasking, time management, and stress tolerance. There are also many types of attention, such as focused attention, selective attention, alternating attention, and divided attention. Memory can mean immediate memory, working memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory. Problem-solving skills can relate to the work environment, social interactions, complex reasoning, safety awareness, visual-spatial reasoning, and systematic deduction.
When these difficulties arise, they can significantly impact adults' confidence, independence, social interactions, and overall quality of life. Seeking professional help from therapists specializing in adult speech sound disorders can provide invaluable support and guidance on improving communication and self-expression. At Nourished Roots Therapy Services, we are committed to providing comprehensive treatment through evidence-based and patient-centered care in order to meet each individual patient’s needs in support of independence, safety, and overall quality of life.
SPEECH / COGNITIVE-COMMUNICATION
CAUSES OF DYSPHAGIA AND/OR COMMUNICATION DIFFICULTIES IN ADULTS
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Damage to the central nervous system (CNS) and/or cranial nerves, and to unilateral or bilateral cortical and subcortical lesions. Some causes of the damage may include:
Strokes
Traumatic brain injuries
Spinal cord injuries
Dementia
Parkinson’s
Multiple sclerosis
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Problems affecting the head and neck, including:
Cancer in the oral cavity, pharynx, nasopharynx, or esophagus
Radiation and/or chemoradiation for head and neck cancer treatment
Trauma or surgery involving the head and neck
Decayed or missing teeth
Critical care that may have included oral intubation and/or tracheostomy.
Orofacial myofunctional disorders
Voice Disorders
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Other factors that may include:
Side effects of some medications
Metabolic disturbances (e.g., hyperthyroidism);
Infectious diseases (e.g., COVID-19, sepsis, acquired immune deficiency syndrome [AIDS])
Pulmonary diseases (e.g., chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD])
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
Frailty (weakness)